初二下册英语 Unit 1 思维导图: What's the matter?

中心主题: Unit 1 What's the matter? (健康与就医)

第一分支：核心词汇

这个分支主要分为三类：身体部位、疾病症状和建议/措施。

1 身体部位

• Head (头): head, hair, face, eye, ear, nose, mouth, tooth (teeth), tongue
• Neck & Upper Body (颈部和上半身): neck, shoulder, back, chest, arm, hand, finger
• Lower Body (下半身): stomach, stomachache, waist, leg, knee, foot (feet), toe
• Other (其他): throat

2 疾病与症状

• 常见疾病:
  • 发烧: fever / have a fever
  • 感冒: cold / have a cold
  • 胃痛: stomachache / have a stomachache
  • 头痛: headache / have a headache
  • 牙痛: toothache / have a toothache
  • 喉咙痛: sore throat / have a sore throat
  • 咳嗽: cough / have a cough
• 严重状况 (需就医):
  • 受伤: hurt, injury
  • 骨折: break (one's) arm/leg
  • 流血: bleed
  • 过敏: allergy
  • 哮喘: asthma

3 建议 & 措施

• 动词建议:
  • 看医生: see a doctor / go to a doctor
  • 吃药: take medicine / take some pills
  • 休息: rest, have a rest
  • 躺下: lie down
  • 喝水: drink lots of water / drink hot tea with honey
  • 量体温: take one's temperature
  • 拍背: pat one's back
  • 呼吸: breathe
• 名词建议:
  • 药: medicine
  • 药丸: pill
  • 绷带: bandage
  • 感冒药: cold medicine
• 描述感觉的词:
  • 疼痛: sore, hurt
  • 紧张的: stressed out
  • 疲惫的: tired
  • 紧张的: nervous

第二分支：核心句型

这个分支主要围绕如何询问病情、表达症状以及给出建议。

1 询问病情

• 问怎么了 (What's the matter with...?):
  • What's the matter with you? / What's the matter with him?
  • What's wrong with you? / What's wrong with her?
• 问具体哪里不舒服 (What's the trouble with...?):

  What's the trouble with your leg?

• 问感觉如何 (How do you feel?):
  • How do you feel? / How does he feel?
  • I feel sick. / He feels tired.

2 表达症状

• I have a... (我有...):

  I have a headache. / I have a stomachache.

• My... hurts / is sore. (我的...疼/酸):

  My throat is sore. / My back hurts.

• There is something wrong with... (...出了问题):

  There is something wrong with my stomach.

3 给出建议

• You should... (你应该...):
  • You should lie down and rest.
  • You should see a doctor.
• You shouldn't... (你不应该...):
  • You shouldn't eat so much candy.
  • You shouldn't play computer games.
• Why don't you...? / Why not...? (你为什么不...?):
  • Why don't you drink some hot tea with honey?
  • Why not see a dentist?
• It's a good idea to... (...是个好主意):

  It's a good idea to get enough sleep.

• I think you should... (我认为你应该...):

  I think you should take this medicine.

第三分支：重点语法

这个分支是本单元的语法核心,主要学习 should 的用法。

1 情态动词 should 的用法

• 含义: 表示“应该”，用于提出建议或劝告。
• 肯定句: 主语 + should + 动词原形
  • You should drink lots of water.
  • He should see a doctor.
• 否定句: 主语 + shouldn't (should not) + 动词原形
  • You shouldn't eat so much junk food.
  • She shouldn't stay up late.
• 一般疑问句: Should + 主语 + 动词原形...?
  • Should I take this medicine?
  • Yes, you should. / No, you shouldn't.
• 特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词 + should + 主语 + 动词原形...?
  • What should I do?
  • How should I take this medicine?

2 What's the matter with...? 句型

• 结构: What's the matter with + 人/身体部位?
• 回答:
  • 回答人: There's something wrong with + 身体部位. 或 He/She has a/an + 疾病.
  • 回答身体部位: It hurts. / It's sore. / I hurt my...

第四分支：情景对话与应用

这个分支帮助你将所学知识应用到实际交流中。

1 看医生 Seeing a Doctor

• Doctor: What's the matter? / What's the trouble with you?
• Patient: I have a fever and a cough. I feel terrible.
• Doctor: Let me take your temperature... Hmm, you have a high fever. You should stay in bed and drink more water.
• Patient: OK, doctor. Thank you.
• Doctor: You're welcome. Take care.

2 朋友关心 Friends Caring for Each Other

• A: You look pale. What's the matter?
• B: I have a bad headache.
• A: Oh, I'm sorry to hear that. Why don't you go home and have a rest?
• B: That's a good idea. Thank you for your concern.
• A: You're welcome. Feel better soon!

思维导图结构图 (文字版)

                                            Unit 1 What's the matter?
                                                     |
        +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
        |                |                |                |                |
   核心词汇           核心句型           重点语法          情景对话与应用
        |                |                |                |
+-------+-------+  +-----+-----+   +-----+-----+   +-------+-------+
|               |  |           |   |           |   |               |
1.1 身体部位     |  2.1 询问病情 |   3.1 should的用法 | 4.1 看医生
|               |  |           |   |           |   |               |
| - head, eye...|  | - What's the matter...? |   | - 肯定/否定/疑问 |   | - Doctor: What's the...?
| - neck, back...|  | - How do you feel? |   | - 提出建议      |   | - Patient: I have...
| - leg, foot...|  |           |   |           |   |               |
|               |  2.2 表达症状 |   3.2 What's the matter...? | 4.2 朋友关心
|               |  |           |   | - 询问病情      |   |               |
1.2 疾病与症状   |  | - I have a... |   | - 回答          |   | - A: You look pale...
|               |  | - My... hurts |   |           |   | - B: I have a...
| - fever, cold...| |           |   |           |   |               |
| - stomachache...| 2.3 给出建议 |   |           |   |               |
|               |  | - You should... |   |           |   |               |
1.3 建议&措施   |  | - You shouldn't...| |           |   |               |
|               |  | - Why don't you...?| |           |   |               |
| - see a doctor |  | - I think you should...| |           |   |               |
| - take medicine | |           |   |           |   |               |
| - rest...     |  |           |   |           |   |               |
+---------------+  +-----------+   +-----------+   +---------------+

希望这份详细的思维导图能帮助你系统地复习和掌握初二下册 Unit 1 的知识！加油！