Her vs. Him:基础用法与常见错误
“Her”和“him”都是宾格代词,但“her”同时可以作为所有格形容词(如“her book”),以下是它们的核心区别:
代词 | 主格 | 宾格 | 所有格形容词 | 所有格代词 |
---|---|---|---|---|
女性 | She | Her | Her | Hers |
男性 | He | Him | His | His |
常见错误举例:
- ❌ “I gave the book to she.”(错误,应用宾格“her”)
- ✅ “I gave the book to her.”(正确)
根据剑桥英语语料库(Cambridge English Corpus)的统计,代词误用占英语学习者语法错误的12%,her/him”混淆占比最高。
趣味学习法:流行文化中的Her & Him
(1)影视剧中的经典台词
通过影视剧台词记忆代词用法,既有趣又实用。
- 《老友记》(Friends):“She got off the plane!”(主格“she”强调主语)
- 《哈利·波特》(Harry Potter):“Give it to him.”(宾格“him”作间接宾语)
(2)音乐中的代词游戏
许多歌曲利用代词制造双关或情感表达。
- 泰勒·斯威夫特(Taylor Swift)的《Style》歌词:“He says, ‘What you heard is true, but I can’t stop thinking about you.’”(主格“he”引导直接引语)
- 比莉·艾利什(Billie Eilish)的《Happier Than Ever》歌词:“You made me hate this city.”(宾格“me”作动词宾语)
最新数据:全球代词使用趋势
近年来,英语中的性别代词使用呈现多样化趋势,根据皮尤研究中心(Pew Research Center)2023年的调查:
国家/地区 | 传统代词(He/She)使用率 | 中性代词(They)使用率 |
---|---|---|
美国 | 78% | 22% |
英国 | 82% | 18% |
加拿大 | 75% | 25% |
数据显示,年轻一代更倾向于使用中性代词“they”以避免性别假设。“Alex said they prefer coffee.”(Alex说他们更喜欢咖啡。)
互动练习:测测你的代词敏感度
小测验:以下句子中,“her”和“him”用法是否正确?
- “The teacher praised him for his hard work.”
- “Her and me went to the store.”
- “Please pass the salt to her.”
(答案:1. ✅ 2. ❌ 应改为“She and I” 3. ✅)
实用技巧:如何避免混淆?
- 替换法:如果不确定用“her”还是“she”,尝试用“him”或“he”替换。“Her is happy.” → “Him is happy.”(明显错误,应改为“She is happy.”)
- 删减法:去掉其他名词,聚焦代词。“Me and her went shopping.” → “Her went shopping.”(错误,应改为“She went shopping.”)