益智教育网

七年级英语语法思维导图

七年级英语语法思维导图

七年级英语语法思维导图-图1

名词 (Nouns)

类别 单数形式示例 复数形式规则及例词 特殊注意事项
普通名词 book +s: pens, maps; 以s/x/ch/sh结尾+es: buses, boxes, brushes; 辅音+y变ies: families, cities 不可数名词无复数(如water, advice)
专有名词 China 不变(首字母大写):the Great Wall → two Great Walls? ×(通常不用复数) 人名、地名等特定场合可加’s表所属
集合名词 family 单复同形:people, cattle;或用成员个体替代(a team → three teams) police/military永远复数形式
物质名词 gold 默认不可数;量化时借用单位词(a bar of chocolate) sand→two sands(不同种类的沙子)例外
抽象名词 happiness 一般不可数;具体化时可数(an honor=一件光荣的事) knowledge侧重整体性,不用复数

✅重点记忆口诀:

“叶菜瓜果变果菜,加-es奇迹来;f/fe结尾要换v,妻子拿刀去砍狼(wife→wives, knife→knives);o结尾常加-es,英雄土豆西红柿(potatoes, tomatoes)。”


代词 (Pronouns)

功能类型 例子与用法 常见错误警示
人称代词主格 I love reading. She teaches us English. 避免混淆宾格(me/him误作主语)
形容词性物主代词 This is my bag. His father is a doctor. ≠名词性物主代词(mine vs my不能混用)
反身代词 She hurt herself while skating. The kids made themselves costumes. 必须与主语保持人称/数一致
不定代词 somebody/anybody +单数动词;everything is ready no one后面接单数谓语
it的特殊用法 It’s raining outside. / It takes half an hour to walk there. 形式主语代替真正主语(To learn English is important → It is important...)

💡易错点突破:

当句子出现两个动作时,注意反身代词的位置:
✘ She introduced Tom to Mary. → ✔ She introduced herself to them.


冠词 (Articles)

类型 使用场景举例 典型陷阱规避
定冠词the 特指双方已知事物(Close the door)、独一无二的职务(the Queen)、序数词前(the second)、乐器名称(play the piano) “发明类”固定搭配不用冠词(by car/bus)
不定冠词a/an 首次提及的可数名词(a university)、职业身份泛称(He works as an engineer) hour发音以元音开头要用an(an honest boy)
零冠词 复数可数名词表泛指(Dogs are loyal)、不可数名词(Water boils at 100℃)、节假日名称(at Christmas) 球类运动前绝不加the(play football)

❗高频考点对比:

表达方式 正确例句 错误示范
go to school He goes to school by bike. go to the school ×
in hospital She works in hospital. in the hospital ×
have breakfast We have breakfast together. have a breakfast ×

数词 (Numerals)

分类 构成规则与实例 应用场景提示
基数词 dozen(12), score(20), hundred/thousand/million(无复数不加s):three hundred people 十亿以上每三位逗号分隔(2,567,890,123)
序数词 first, second... twenty-first;日期写法:May 5th=the fifth of May 楼层表达用序数词(live on the third floor)
分数 分子基分母序:one third;复合形容词作定语时加连字符(a two-thirds majority) half可作名词/代词(cut it into halves)
小数&百分数 75=zero point seven five / three quarters;25%读作twenty-five percent 增长倍数表达(twice as large as...)

🔍真题模仿造句:

将下列数字译成英文并组成完整句子:
① 第45届运动会 → The 45th Sports Meeting
② 三分之二的学生缺席 → Two-thirds of the students were absent.


形容词与副词比较级/最高级 (Comparative & Superlative Degrees)

变化模式 例词变形对照表 特殊双写规则适用情况
单音节词直接加-er/est tall→taller→tallest;fast→faster→fastest big→bigger→biggest
双音节以y结尾改i+ee happy→happier→happiest;easy→easier→easiest busy→busier→busiest
多音节前加more/most beautifully→more beautifully→most beautifully important→more important→most important
不规则变化 good/well→better→best;bad/badly→worse→worst many/much→more→most

⚠️典型病句修正:

✘ She sings beautiful than her sister. → ✔ She sings more beautifully than her sister.


问题与解答栏目

Q1: 如果句子是“There are some apples on the table.”改为否定句应该怎么写?

A: There aren’t any apples on the table.
解析:some用于肯定句,否定句中要改为any;are的否定形式为aren’t。

Q2: “He went to Beijing last year.”这句话如何对划线部分提问?(假设对“last year”提问)

A: When did he go to Beijing?
解析:对时间状语提问用when,原句中的动词过去式went保持不变,借助助动词did

分享:
扫描分享到社交APP
上一篇
下一篇